When installing a solar street light system, one of the most important factors that often gets overlooked is the wire thickness used for connecting the solar panel to the charge controller or battery. Using the correct wire size ensures system efficiency, reduces voltage drop, and prevents overheating or power loss.
Why Wire Thickness Matters in Solar Street Lighting
The DC cable size used in a solar street light system plays a crucial role in power delivery. Solar panels generate low voltage (typically 12V, 24V, or 48V DC), so even a small voltage drop due to undersized cables can significantly reduce efficiency.
Factors Affecting Wire Thickness Selection
- Current (Amps): Higher current needs thicker cables.
- Voltage: 12V and 24V systems are more sensitive to voltage drop.
- Cable Length: Longer distances need thicker wires to compensate for voltage drop.
- Power Rating of Solar Panel: Higher wattage panels need thicker wires.
- Installation Type: Underground or pole-mounted installation might require different cable specifications.
Recommended Wire Size for Solar Street Lights
Below is a general guide for wire gauge based on distance and current for a 12V system. For 24V and 48V, smaller gauges may suffice due to reduced current flow.
| Current (Amp) | Distance (Feet) | Recommended Wire Gauge (AWG) |
|---|---|---|
| 5A | 20 ft | 14 AWG |
| 5A | 50 ft | 12 AWG |
| 10A | 20 ft | 12 AWG |
| 10A | 50 ft | 10 AWG |
| 15A | 50 ft | 8 AWG |
Use tinned copper DC cables with UV-resistant insulation for outdoor solar street light wiring. For longer cable runs, use double-core cables to minimize resistance and ensure better safety.
Example: 40W Solar Street Light with 100W Panel
Let’s say you are connecting a 100W solar panel (at 18V) to a charge controller located 30 feet away:
- Current = 100W / 18V = 5.55A
- Recommended: Use 12 AWG or thicker cable
- Check our solar street light models at AUTIGO
Wire Selection Tips
- Always round up your wire gauge to the next thicker size for safety.
- Use cables rated for DC voltage with proper polarity marking.
- Check ISI or CE certified wires for long-term reliability.
- Use lugs and MC4 connectors for secure termination.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Using AC cables for DC solar systems.
- Ignoring voltage drop over long distances.
- Using low-grade copper-clad aluminum wires.
Conclusion
Choosing the right wire thickness for solar panel connection is essential for the efficient and safe operation of your solar street light. Proper cable sizing minimizes energy loss and prevents overheating or damage. For a customized wiring guide, contact AUTIGO Solar Street Light Manufacturer, your trusted partner in solar lighting solutions in India.
To explore our OEM and private label offerings, or for technical support, visit AUTIGO.in.
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